Mcgregor x and y book

Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y as far as mcgregor was concerned, this was a starting place, not a definitive set of universal rules to be adopted without question. Douglas murray mcgregor 1906 1 october 1964 was a management professor at the mit sloan school of management and president of antioch college from 1948 to 1954. The original book, the human side of enterprise, by douglas mcgregor, was written in 1960, and is still relevant today. His 1960 book the human side of enterprise had a profound influence on education practices mcgregor is a raafat of abraham maslow. In mcgregor 1957b, he further develops his thinking in terms of theory x and theory y as it relates to performance appraisal. He also taught at the indian institute of management calcutta.

Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a famous management professor in the field of personal development and motivational theory. Each assumes that the managers role is to organize resources, including people, to best benefit the company. A historical view of douglas mcgregors theory y emerald. Douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 was a lecturer at harvard university and became the first sloan fellows professor at mit his theory x and theory y was detailed in the human side of enterprise, published in 1960. With every passing year, mcgregors message becomes ever more relevant, more timely, and more important. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregors xy theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management. One of them he called theory x and the other theory y see article. Theory x and theory y team management training from. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y introduction. The original book, the human side of enterprise, by douglas mcgregor, was. The disadvantages of douglas mcgregors theory x and y are. Douglas mcgregors theory x and theory y of motivation.

He is best known for his development of the theory x and theory y, a leadership theory on two different leadership styles. Theory x is based on a philosophy that does not treat. In his 1960 management book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor made his mark on the history of organizational management and motivational psychology when he proposed the two theories by which managers perceive employee motivation. What are the disadvantages of douglas mcgregor theory x. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of abraham maslow, who created the hierarchy of needs. Theory x was about assuming that your workforce did not want to work, and approaching them with a carrot and stick. The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if. Mcgregors research focused on managerial leadership and the ways in which employees are affected by the management styles of their superiors. Douglas mcgregor is a social psychologist and applied two sets of assumptions to the organizational structure called theory x and theory y. Implications of theory x and theory y on management practice according to mcgregor, the theory x type of management, which originated in a roman catholic church and military institution with its centralized decision making and external control work, is based on the assumption about human being. Mcgregor himself held to the belief that theory y assumptions were more valid than theory x. Theory x and theory y were first explained by mcgregor in his book, the. Theory x, theory y by douglas mcgregor is a motivation theory.

Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous xy theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. The first part introduces the concepts of theory x and theory y. If you believe that your team members dislike their work and have little motivation, then, according to mcgregor, youll likely use an. Mcgregors theories x and y introduction to business. Douglas murray mcgregor 1906 1 october 1964 was a management professor at the mit. His 1967 book the professional manager built upon the ideas presented in his first book, along with providing behavioral, social. Prottas assistant professor of management adelphi university anne l. Xy theory questionnaire score the statements 5 always, 4 mostly, 3 often, 2 occasionally, 1 rarely, 0 never to indicate whether the situation and management style is x or y. His theory is based on managerial views of human beings. In his 1960 management book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor made his mark on the history of. It brought out the discussion on how best to treat the workforce to increase productivity. A social psychologist, he is most notably known for his theory x and theory y from his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, which had a profound influence on the management field. X and consider using the techniques suggested by theory y. Theory x was about assuming that your workforce did not want to work.

Theory x and theory y was an idea devised by douglas mcgregor see article in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. In his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, mcgregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee motivation. Theoryx and theoryy management applicationbusiness implications for workforce motivation. Theory x and theory y framework proposed by mcgregor in his classic book the human side of enterprise 1960 consists of two alternative set of assumptions.

Douglas mcgregor offers us two theories for the price of one. In the 1960s, douglas murray mcgregor, a famous mit professor of management wrote a book named the human side of enterprise in which he analyzed the various behaviors of professionals at work. Theory into practice abraham maslow viewed mcgregor as a mentor. It encapsulated a fundamental distinction between management styles. Theory x is related to traditional approach about people and theory y is related to modern approach about people. This was followed in 1960 by the human side of enterprise, a book in which he presents a more comprehensive description of theory x and y and provides a number of theory y management practices mcgregor 1960. Mcgregors work was rooted in motivation theory alongside the works of. He is best known for his theory x and theory y, which splits corporate thinking into two camps. Theory x and theory y was an idea devised by douglas mcgregor in his book the human side of enterprise 1960. He pointed out that the managers own behaviour would be largely determined by the particular beliefs that he subscribed tomcgregor hoped that his book would lead managers to. The human side of enterprise consists of 3 parts and is in total about 250 pages. Theory x percieves employees to be lazy, irresponsible and untrustworthy, while according to theory y employees are approached as one of the most valuable assets of the company. This article describes the theory x and theory y of douglas mcgregor. This article and video will explore mcgregors theory further, and well look at how it.

Mcgregors theory x and theory y organizational behavior. He avoided descriptive labels and simply called the theories theory x and theory y. My boss asks me politely to do things, gives me reasons why, and invites my suggestions. They were created by douglas mcgregor while he was working at the mit sloan school of management in the 1950s, and developed further in the 1960s. Theory x and theory y news newspapers books scholar. Both of these are assumptions of human nature that lie behind certain management practices. Douglas mcgregor the text deals with policies and practices in the management. The book has become a staple of management literature. The human side of enterprise by douglas mcgregor 1960. The theory x management style is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes the following. Douglas mcgregor, one of maslow s students, influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature theory x and theory y.

Theory x and theory y are theories of human work motivation and management. But, in truth, they largely represent two ends of a spectrum of approaches to. He was a strong supporter of theories x and y, and he put theory y that people want to work, achieve and take responsibility into practice in a californian electronics factory. These are the sources and citations used to research x and y theory. Theory x and theory y management oxford bibliographies. Implications of theory x and theory y on management. Biographical sketch of douglas mcgregor douglas mcgregor 1906 1964 is one of the forefathers of contemporary management thinking.

Theory x is somehow related to concept of scientific management, which advocates that people dislike the work and they have to be strictly controlled. After reading you will understand the background and the practical basics of these leadership styles. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, mcgregor s x y theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management. Furthermore, there is a certain amount of confusion around the underlying principles of the theories.

Theory 5 mcgregors x and y theory use to identify which stereotypical type of manager you are closest to and consider how this impacts on your actions and how you selection from the little book of big management theories, 2nd edition book. Pdf douglas mcgregors landmark book, the human side of enterprise, changed the path of management thinking and practice by. The purpose of this paper is to trace douglas mcgregors theory y thinking back from pre. Mcgregors six assumptions of theory y and his ideas of integrating individual and organization. He contributed much to the development of management and motivational theory. Theory x and theory y were first explained by mcgregor in his book, the human side of enterprise, and they refer to two styles of management authoritarian theory x and participative theory y. Douglas mcgregors landmark book, the human side of enterprise, changed the path of management. He referred to these opposing motivational methods as theory x and theory y management. Mcgregors theory x and theory y were the foundation of the human side of enterprise. Abstract mcgregor, douglas 1960 douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous theory x and y models in his book the human side of enterprise 1960. Mcgregor outlined two basic approaches, theory x and theory y. Theory y assumes that people want to be fulfilled in their work, and that by addressing that need, people would naturally increase productivity. I knew instinctively that mcgregors assessment of the traditional view management, which he names theory x, was true because i had worked in x environments for years, trying to run y divisions.

This book published two years after mcgregors death was actually edited by bennis and schein in collaboration with caroline mcgregor. Douglas mcgregor wrote about theory x and theory y in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Douglas mcgregor, an american social psychologist, proposed his famous x y theory in his 1960 book the human side of enterprise. Theory x and theory y in his 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, douglas mcgregor proposed two theories by which to view employee motivation. Mcgregors 1960 book, the human side of enterprise, had a profound influence on education practices. His 1960 book the human side of enterprise focused on theory x and theory y approaches to leadership. X and y theory other bibliographies cite this for me. This bibliography was generated on cite this for me on monday, november 23, 2015. Theory x is authoritarian, assuming that individuals only ever work reluctantly.